1. Themes
  2. Commitments and Ambitions
  3. Nationally Determined Contribution

Nationally Determined Contribution

Brazil’s updated Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are ambitious but need to lay out a clear path for long-term decarbonization, which is partially addressed with the National Climate Plan and Pact for Ecological Transformation.

2030 Goals

01

Brazil submitted its updated Nationally Determined Contribution in 2024, setting a target to reduce emissions by 59 to 67 percent by 2035. Achieving this requires major reductions, as national emissions remain among the highest globally.

02

Land use continues to drive emissions, largely from deforestation and weak enforcement, although restoring 21 million hectares could remove more than 500 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent.

03

Brazil has not defined detailed sectoral pathways, annual milestones, or a full net-zero strategy for 2050, which limits clarity for investors and weakens accountability.

04

The National Climate Plan of 2023 and the Pact for Ecological Transformation of 2024 outline cross-sectoral climate strategies and green investment programs. Both provide political momentum, but implementation remains incomplete and dependent on new regulations and funding mechanisms.

05

A national emissions trading system is under design, expected to launch by 2025 to regulate energy-intensive industries and provide a domestic price signal for industrial decarbonization.

06

The Brazilian Sustainable Taxonomy had its final version approved, with a binary approach and interoperability with foreign taxonomies, intended to increase standardization and clarity for investors.

07

The Arc of Restoration aims to transform the Amazon’s “Arc of Deforestation” by restoring 6 million hectares by 2030 and 24 million by 2050 across 50 municipalities in seven Brazilian states.

Status

Moderate Progress

Brazil submitted its updated Nationally Determined Contribution in 2024, setting a target to reduce emissions by 59 to 67 percent by 2035. Achieving this requires major reductions, as national emissions remain among the highest globally.

Land use continues to drive emissions, largely from deforestation and weak enforcement, although restoring 21 million hectares could remove more than 500 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent.

Brazil has not defined detailed sectoral pathways, annual milestones, or a full net-zero strategy for 2050, which limits clarity for investors and weakens accountability.

The National Climate Plan of 2023 and the Pact for Ecological Transformation of 2024 outline cross-sectoral climate strategies and green investment programs. Both provide political momentum, but implementation remains incomplete and dependent on new regulations and funding mechanisms.

A national emissions trading system is under design, expected to launch by 2025 to regulate energy-intensive industries and provide a domestic price signal for industrial decarbonization.

The Brazilian Sustainable Taxonomy had its final version approved, with a binary approach and interoperability with foreign taxonomies, intended to increase standardization and clarity for investors.

The Arc of Restoration aims to transform the Amazon’s “Arc of Deforestation” by restoring 6 million hectares by 2030 and 24 million by 2050 across 50 municipalities in seven Brazilian states.

Leading Actors

Cooperation is required between these actors and audiences to drive progress foward in Nationally Determined Contribution.

Public Financial Institutions

Brazilian Development Bank (BNDES)

International Organizations

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

International Organizations

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

International Organizations

United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)

International Organizations

G20

Ministries

Ministry of Environment and Climate Change (MMA)

Ministries

Ministry of Finance (MF)

Ministries

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Itamaraty)

Ministries

Ministry of Regional Development (MIDR)

Other Governmental Organizations

Executive Office of the President or Civil House

Supportive Stakeholders

Instituto do Clima e Sociedade (iCS)

Supportive Stakeholders

Observatório do Clima

Supportive Stakeholders

Centro Brasil do Clima (CBC)

Supportive Stakeholders

Centro Brasileiro de Relações Internacionais (CEBRI)

Supportive Stakeholders

Conselho Empresarial de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (CEBDS)

Key Milestones

Showcasing the key reform milestones for Nationally Determined Contribution that have been addressed at global events.

View Roadmap

Brazil

Brazilian Sustainable Taxonomy announcement

View Event
  • Nationally Determined Contribution

    Develop sector-specific mitigation plans for agriculture and industry, addressing rising methane emissions and deploying cost-effective abatement solutions

  • National Adaptation Plans

    Establish a unified national monitoring and evaluation system to consistently track adaptation progress, assess impacts, and integrate data across sectors and subnational levels

Location TBC

OCTA ministerial conference

View Event
  • Nationally Determined Contribution

    Develop sector-specific mitigation plans for agriculture and industry, addressing rising methane emissions and deploying cost-effective abatement solutions

  • Mobilizing Private Adaptation Investment

    Reform ESG frameworks and corporate sustainability ratings to explicitly incorporate resilience, climate risk adaptation, and ecosystem stability as material factors.

TBC

Sustainable Finance Policy Conference 2026

View Event
  • Nationally Determined Contribution

    Discuss the implementation of energy efficiency and fuel-switching measures in transport and industry to stay within Brazil’s allocated carbon budget.

  • National Adaptation Plans

    Secure sustained adaptation financing, achieving parity with mitigation investments, while implementing robust indicators, regular data collection, and adaptive policy feedback mechanisms

Host TBC

COP31 - UN Climate Change Conference

View Event
  • Nationally Determined Contribution

    Reduce high land-use emissions by strengthening enforcement against deforestation, eliminating illegal land conversion, and ensuring consistent political commitment across all regions.

Learn More

Publications and educational material to deepen understanding of Nationally Determined Contribution.

Nova NDC do Brasil: o que a meta revela sobre a transição da economia

Nationally Determined Contribution

Analysis of Brazil’s updated NDC and its economic implications for the transition to a low-carbon economy.

Go to Resource (opens a new window)

Climate Action Tracker

Nationally Determined Contribution

Assessment of Brazil’s climate targets and policies, measuring ambition and alignment with the Paris Agreement.

Go to Resource (opens a new window)

Brazil NDC

Nationally Determined Contribution

Official submission of Brazil’s updated NDC (Nov 2024), detailing national targets for emissions reduction and climate action.

Go to Resource (opens a new window)

Related Topics